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	County Town: Monmouth County Population: 82,000 (estimate)
	Monmouthshire's terrain is varied, with a very low flat area running along the south coast, undulating hills at its centre, the Black Mountains and the Brecon Beacons National Park in the northwest, the Trelleck Plateau and the spectacular valley of the River Wye, designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, in the east.
	The Romans conquered this part of Wales during the 1st century AD, at which time they built many forts. Following their departure in about 400 AD, the area formed part of the Welsh Kingdom of Gwent. When Saxons tried to invade the region the local people resisted so fiercely that it was not until the Normans conquered the area in the late 1060s that English settlements finally appeared, and the castles at Abergavenny, Chepstow, Monmouth, and Usk were built.
	Farming was the principle mainstay of the economy, but now agriculture, forestry, market gardening, tourism and service industries are expanding sectors. Of interest in the county are the impressive remains of Tintern Abbey, a monastery which was founded in the 12th century and rebuilt in the 13th century, and the ruined Monmouth Castle in which the English King Henry V was born in 1387. Abergavenny attracts many visitors to its ancient, narrow streets, and is also a base for visitors to the nearby Black Mountains and Brecon Beacons.
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