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County Town: Llangefni
County Population: 70,000 (estimate)
Anglesey, or the Isle of Anglesey, is separated from Wales by the narrow Menai Strait, which averages less than 1km (½ mile) in width. Connected to the mainland by the Menai road and the Britannia railway bridges, the smaller rocky Holy Island to the west is connected to Anglesey by a causeway carrying a road and railway line. Anglesey is mainly flat or gently rolling, but Holyhead Mountain on Holy Island reaches 220 m (720 feet).
Anglesey was settled by the Celts in about 100 BC but was subsequently invaded by Romans, Vikings, Saxons, and Normans, before falling to the English King Edward I in the 13th century. Edward began building the impressive castle at Beaumaris, the last and largest of his Welsh castles, but it was never completely finished.
Prior to the building of the Menai and Britannia Bridges, Anglesey was the main grain-growing region in Wales, but now many modern industries support the local economy, and Holyhead has rapidly developed into an international container port, and the main ferry terminal for services to the Republic of Ireland. The entire coastline of Anglesey, except for breaks around the urban areas, has been designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and features an excellent array of bird life with many pleasant beaches.
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