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County Population: N/A
The
historic county of Dumfriesshire is now part of the much larger district
of Dumfries and Galloway, which is mainly rural in character, occupied
by moorland and mountains. Much of the coast is a flat plain, but inland
the terrain is hilly. Three parts of the district have been designated
as National Scenic Areas, the Nith estuary, Auchencairn Bay, and the Rough
Firth, Fleet Bay, and Laver Fleet Valley. The region is also rich in wildlife,
and sections of the Solway Firth are important wintering grounds for wildfowl
and waders.
As
with much of southern Scotland, Dumfries and Galloway was first occupied
in prehistoric times, and the area is rich in archaeological remains,
including monoliths, hill forts, and Pictish lake dwellings. Later settled
by Romans, Celts, Angles, and Vikings, the region was much fought over
by the English and Scots, and ruins of castles, hill forts and abbey's
testify to this, including the 13th century Caerlaverock Castle near the
town of Dumfries.
30%
of Scotland's dairy farms are to be found in Dumfries and Galloway, and
nearly 75% of the land is used for agriculture, followed by forestry,
which takes up 22%. The tourist trade is highly active in the region,
with many walkers, anglers and birdwatchers attracted by the beauty of
the area.
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