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	Main Town: Kirkwall Island Population: 20,000 (estimate)
	The Orkneys comprise of 90 islands located 13km (8 miles) off the northeast coast of the Scottish mainland. The largest island is Mainland, and the whole archipelago covers an area of 972 sq km (375 sq miles). The islands are virtually treeless, low lying, and the 18 that are occupied are predominantly used for agriculture. The coastline of the Orkneys is beautiful and wild, with many rocky outcrops, long sandy bays and an abundance of wildlife such as skuas and seals.
	The islands have constantly been occupied since the Stone Age, with numerous prehistoric remains in evidence. The Vikings invaded the area toward the end of the 8th century and the islands fell under Norwegian and then Danish control. The Vikings co-existed with Irish missionaries for a time, and after many were converted to Christianity St Magnus Cathedral was built at Kirkwall in the 12th century. Traditional industries such as crofting, boat building and fishing are still active, but following the development of the North Sea oil fields the islands economy further prospered.
	The Orkney Islands are now a major tourist spot, attracting bird watchers, anglers, and walkers. The islands include some impressive geological features such as St John's Head, which at a height of 347 m (1,140 feet) is reputed to be the highest sheer cliff in the UK, and the Old Man of Hoy, a 137 m (450 feet) high sandstone stack. There are also numerous archaeological sites to visit including the Stone Age village of Skara Brae and the chambered great cairn of Maes Howe.
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