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| County
Town: Metropolitan District County Population: 2,200,000 (estimate) |
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The
major part of West Yorkshire is formed by the Pennine Hills, with the
River Aire cutting a gap through the range, dividing the county in two.
The hills are covered in heathers and dotted with sheep, and to the east
of the county is a gentle limestone ridge that slopes down into the Vale
of York.
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There
is evidence of Stone and Iron Age settlement in the uplands of West Yorkshire,
but the Romans were the first to inhabit the lowland region. During the
Middle Ages Leeds developed as an agricultural market town, and Flemish
immigrants later introduced wool manufacturing to the area, which saw
both Leeds and Bradford grow into major centres of the English wool trade.
During the 18th century coal mining took over from wool, and Leeds and
Bradford saw a rapid increase in both industrial output and population.
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Following
the decline of the traditional local industries Leeds developed into a
major hub for finance and banking, and is now the second most important
English legal centre after London. Many new industries have settled in
Bradford, but the textile industry is still important there. Despite their
industrial past, Leeds and Bradford are surrounded by lush countryside,
much of which is used for sheep-farming in the Pennines region, and dairy
and arable farming on the lowlands.
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