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| County
Town: Lincoln County Population: 650,000 (estimate) |
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Situated
between the River Humber and the Wash, Lincolnshire is mainly low-lying,
with many sandy beaches and dunes along its coast. The Fens, an almost
treeless region in the east, were once marshes that were drained and reclaimed
for use as agricultural land in the 17th century. To the west, a limestone
escarpment called the Lincolnshire Edge runs from the north to the south
of the county, mirrored by the chalk Lincolnshire Wolds in the east.
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Palaeolithic
and Bronze Age people are known to have settled the area, using it as
a trading base with the Continent, and Iron Age hill forts are also known
to have existed in the area. The Romans founded Lindum Fortress in 47
AD and attempted to drain the Fens, and Saxons later founded abbeys at
Bardney and Crowland, with the Danes later establishing boroughs at Lincoln
and Stamford. The Norman Conquest brought Lincoln to prominence with the
founding of the triple-towered cathedral, but only the west front now
remains of the original Norman church.
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Lincolnshire
grew prosperous in the Middle Ages through the wool trade, then the Dutch
arrived in the late 16th century, their influences still to be seen in
the county's architecture and the extensive bulb fields around Spalding,
which is known as "Little Holland". The county is renowned for
its picturesque, peaceful villages, for its wealth of churches and mills,
its varied wildlife, and for its horticultural and agricultural products.
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